http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12253/1361 2026-04-09T07:56:27Z 2026-04-09T07:56:27Z Leão, Carla http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12253/1343 2019-01-22T17:44:44Z 2016-06-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Envelhecimento e saúde em Portugal. Práticas e desafios num cenário de aumento da população idosa. (1974 - 2031) Authors: Leão, Carla Abstract: The ageing process in Portugal is evident, and the consequent elderly increase is irrefutable and tendentiously growing. The fact that older people are the health services main users is undeniable. Portuguese economic and financial crisis printed constraints on the national healthcare system and particularly in the National Health Service (NHS). Under this scenario we present two guiding questions to this thesis: (1) In Portugal, healthcare system’s services and human resources, at regional level and essentially in the NHS, are proportional to the number of elderly people, and respond to the needs of current and future elderly population? (2) What adjustments should be promoted in healthcare system’s services and human resources in Portugal, considering the expected increasing of elderly people, of the average life expectancy, the epidemiological profile change, and the changes of profile of the elderly population, in particular regarding to educational level? We argue that the increasing number of elderly in Portugal, with distinct pathologies and delicate socioeconomic and educational profiles, has implications for the healthcare system, particularly for the NHS, for being the elderly who use it the most. In parallel, the increasing number of elderly, consequent from increased life expectancy, emerges from the improvements in the health system, and the creation of the NHS, based on the political centrality of health. In the context the current restrictive policy, resulting of the national economic and financial crisis, regarding the equipment and health human resources, we could verify a detachment of the health services regarding the elderly population, diverging from international political context (the UN, WHO and EU) which provides that health systems should meet the needs of the elderly respecting the accessibility, equity and health surveillance proximity. Subsequently, these limitations may invert the process of increasing life expectancy and result in Portugal incurring in default towards the commitments made to those international organizations. However, on the horizon 2031, with the expected increase in the elderly education level, the orientation of the current policy decision can be well-adjusted to the new profile of this population and can respond to their needs, pursuing the guidelines of UN, WHO and EU. Accordingly, in this thesis, considering the elderly and public health policy in Portugal, we aim: to analyze the response given to the needs of the elderly with its own epidemiological profile in relation to services and human resources for health at the level of NUTS II; and realize their potential suitability, at the horizon 2031, the particularities of the elderly, particularly the development of the indicator level of education. Description: Tese de Doutoramento em Ciência Política, especialização em Políticas Públicas, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa - Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas. Também disponível em: https://run.unl.pt/handle/10362/20421

2016-06-01T00:00:00Z Leão, Carla http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12253/1342 2019-01-22T17:43:57Z 2010-09-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Envelhecimento e nível de instrução. Efeitos na saúde da população e nas políticas de saúde e bem-estar em Portugal. Séc.XX e início Séc.XXI Authors: Leão, Carla Abstract: O cenário demográfico apresenta um processo de envelhecimento das estruturas etárias das populações, considerado como um fenómeno gerador de novos desafios para as sociedades e para todos os sectores sociais, incluindo o sector da saúde. As consequências do envelhecimento populacional, especificamente o aumento da esperança média de vida e o consequente aumento do número de idosos, com mais de sessenta e cinco anos e mais de oitenta anos, nos cuidados de saúde são inevitáveis. Alguns estudos afirmam que as futuras alterações nos níveis médios de instrução das populações, ou seja, o aumento da instrução, melhorará o estado de saúde dos idosos, esbatendo os efeitos negativos do envelhecimento. Tomando como ponto de partida este conhecimento, colocamos as seguintes questões: (1) Qual a evolução do cenário demográfico, a nível das NUTS III, relativo à população com mais de sessenta e cinco anos?; (2) Qual a evolução do quadro dos serviços de saúde, nas mesmas regiões, que respondem às necessidades desta população?; (3) Uma vez conhecido que o factor – nível de instrução – influencia o estado de saúde da população, qual é o estádio actual e futuro da população com mais de sessenta e cinco anos em relação ao nível de instrução?; (4) Será o nível de instrução da futura população, com mais de sessenta e cinco anos, um contributo para a diminuição da sobrecarga dos serviços de saúde, que se adivinha com o aumento desta população. Em termos metodológicos optámos por fazer uma revisão da literatura, legislação e dados estatísticos existentes sobre a temática. Salvaguardamos que esta Tese é um contributo inicial para um estudo aprofundado sobre esta problemática. Concordantemente não é uma abordagem exaustiva e não esgota o tema. Concluímos que a população com mais de sessenta e cinco anos na generalidade das NUTS III está a aumentar, bem como o seu nível de instrução, o que poderá induzir a uma melhor saúde e a uma necessidade diferente da atual no que concerne com os serviços de saúde. Description: Tese que conduziu ao Diploma de Estudos Avançados em Relações Internacionais, Especialidade em Globalização e Ambiente da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa

2010-09-01T00:00:00Z Leão, Carla http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12253/1341 2019-01-22T17:43:15Z 2011-11-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Envelhecimento Demográfico e Saúde. Desafio para a Segurança Sanitária em Portugal Authors: Leão, Carla Abstract: In a global context of radicalism emergency achieved in terrorist attacks and threats of using CBRN agents, we chose to investigate the relationship between population ageing and health security, because there are standards of international organizations relating to the subject. Considering the national context of an ageing population, internal migration movement of the younger population to urban centers, the decline of family support, arising from the changing family structures and the reduction of health facilities in proximity, we are faced with vast areas of elderly population, lonely, weak, uneducated, with scarce economic resources and difficulties to move to distant health services, so we put the following guiding question: Considering the global existence of terrorist attacks threats, including CBRN threats, will be the ageing population and depopulation of rural areas, with reduced proximity health equipment, considered privileged health surveillance tools, an opportunity to realize an attack of this nature? We propose to make the study of ageing and health services in Portuguese NUTS III in order to characterize and understand regional health services realities. The present study may contribute to the knowledge of the regional reality, allowing a risk evaluation to the national security and supporting the decision-making related to national security and defense. Description: Também disponível em: http://www.cepese.pt/portal/pt/publicacoes/colecoes/working-papers/populacao-e-prospectiva/envelhecimento-demografico-e-saude.-desafio-para-a-seguranca-sanitaria-em-portugal

2011-11-01T00:00:00Z Leão, Carla http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12253/1340 2019-01-22T17:42:34Z 2008-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Mobilidade do Fisioterapeuta na União Europeia. O Caso Português Authors: Leão, Carla Abstract: Mobility of the Physiotherapist in the European Union. The Portuguese Case Carla Isabel Leão de Sá e Silva Coelho With the constitution of the European Union and the globalization process, mobility of persons starts to be a common subject. The migration of qualified people is nowadays a regular subject. In this way, we consider that the subject "Mobility of the Physiotherapist in the European Union. The Portuguese Case ", can provide a good starting point for professionals who intend to work in other EU States. As mobility of Physiotherapists has its relevance for the policies of education and health of countries and of the European Union, the education process and the professional qualifications have to be convergent. However it is imperative to get the basic knowledge of the specific regulation of each state, in what concerns to the exercise of the profession. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyse the following questions: (1) Mobility of physiotherapists exists in EU? Which is the profile of the Physiotherapists? Which are the characteristics of the education and qualifications in the different countries? How the physiotherapist mobility does express inside of the European space? Which are the more excellent migratory flows? Which are the regulation foreseen for EU, where is based the mobility of Physiotherapists? Which are the legal bases? Which the necessary procedures? What impediments exist? ; (2) Inside of the problematic previously questioned, how does expresses Portugal? Which are the countries that prescribe attractive and facilitator’s conditions for the mobility of Portuguese physiotherapists? Portugal is an emitting or/and a receiving country of physiotherapists? During the investigation process, we analyse the data of the EU site “Regulated Professions Data Base”, and we concluded that there were no data from all of the EU members; however the 15 first States present approximately all of them. In this context we decided to restrict the study to EU15. We concluded that physiotherapist profession presents a significant mobility in the EU 15, although the number of recognitions requests is decreasing. The EU created communitarian directives linked to the process of professional qualifications recognition, related to regulated professions. Since 20th October 2007 the physiotherapist is related to Directive 2005/36/EC, falling under the General System of Professional Qualification Recognition. Directives imply the existence of a recognized Competent Authority which receives, appreciates and decides about the recognition processes. The formation level that exists in the majority of Member-States, as in Portugal, suggests that this is not a barrier to mobility. Some Member States present unemployment and needs for physiotherapists are higher in rural areas. Germany is the hosting state with higher number of requests, in contrary Holland is the origin state with higher number of requests. Portugal stands in 14th place, both as a hosting and origin State and recognitions demands to Portugal are progressively declining. Concerning to trend on recognition demands from Portugal to other States, it doesn’t present’s a constant pattern. Mobility mostly occurs between neighbours Member-States and between States with language affinity. The analysed subjects suggest that probably language is the most important barrier to mobility.

2008-07-01T00:00:00Z